🔬 Direct-Plating Plaquing Method

Means of phage growth and enumeration that involves both phage and bacterial application to the surface of an agar slab as found within a Petri dish.

by Stephen T. Abedon Ph.D. Steve Abedon, Ph.D., has taught well over 100 individual classes and ~10 individual courses (including introductory biology, microbiology, physiology, biochemistry, etc.) over his 30+ years as a college professor. He has over 150 publications, including multiple monographs, and is ranked in the top 1 or 2 percent among researchers of all disciplines worldwide. His research focuses on bacteriophage biology and phage therapy. (abedon.1@osu.edu)

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About this entry: Direct-Plating Plaquing Method is one of a growing set of phage biology and phage therapy terms defined here. For more phage terms, see Abedon, S.T. (2025). Phage Therapy Annotated Glossary. Preprints.org. 10.20944/preprints202508.0347.v1
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phage.org/terms/direct_plating_plaquing_method.html  ·  Abedon’s Books  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20173633

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Direct-Plating Plaquing Method: Means of phage growth and enumeration that involves both phage and bacterial application to the surface of an agar slab as found within a Petri dish.

Discussion

Direct plating generally contrasts with soft-agar overlay or, indeed, simply the pour plate methods as has occasionally also been used. For review of direct plating as a method, see Mazzocco et al. (2009).

The direct-plating plaquing method is the original means by which phage plaques were grown but was subsequently replaced in most but not all labs and systems by the soft agar overlay method. Use of this softer agar, if nothing else, allows for phage diffusion within lower density agar media (i.e., semisolid rather than solid) and also allows for potentially more consistently or easily achieved bacterial lawn homogeneity.

References

  • Mazzocco, A., Waddell, T.E., Lingohr, E. & Johnson, R.P. (2009). Enumeration of bacteriophages by the direct plating plaque assay. Methods in Molecular Biology 501:77–80. 10.1007/978-1-60327-164-6_8

How to cite this page

Abedon, S.T. (2026). Phage Terms. https://terms.phage.org  ·  10.5281/zenodo.20173633

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